the root (no rank)
Eukaryota (domain)
Metazoa (kingdom)
Chordata (phylum)
Craniata (subphylum)
Vertebrata (no rank)
Gnathostomata (superclass)
Sarcopterygii (class)
Tetrapoda (no rank)
Amniota (no rank)
Sauropsida (no rank)
Sauria (no rank)
Archosauria (no rank)
Aves (class)
Neognathae (superorder)
Sphenisciformes (order)
Spheniscidae (family)
Pygoscelis (genus)
Pygoscelis adelie (species)
Adelie penguin (primary common name)
[hide inferior taxa]